What does trust vs mistrust focus on in Erikson's theory?

The focus on trust vs. mistrust in Erikson's theory centers on the reliance on caregivers, particularly during the infancy stage of development, which ranges from birth to approximately 18 months. During this critical period, infants learn to trust their caregivers based on the consistency and quality of care they receive. When caregivers provide reliable support, nourishment, and comfort, infants develop a sense of trust that the world is a safe place, fostering a positive foundation for future relationships and emotional health.

Conversely, if caregivers are inconsistent, neglectful, or abusive, infants may develop a sense of mistrust, leading them to perceive the world as unsafe and uncertain. This foundational stage is essential, as it influences an individual's ability to form secure relationships later in life, impacting their emotional and social development. Trust vs. mistrust sets the groundwork for subsequent stages in Erikson's theory, highlighting the importance of caregiver relationships in early development.