What is the primary function of the reaction formation defense mechanism?

The primary function of the reaction formation defense mechanism is to protect the self from awareness of undesirable feelings. This defense mechanism operates when an individual experiences uncomfortable or socially unacceptable feelings or impulses, leading them to express the opposite emotions or behaviors instead. For instance, a person who might feel anger or resentment towards someone might instead act overly friendly and affectionate towards that person. This allows individuals to safeguard their self-image and maintain socially acceptable behaviors while simultaneously avoiding the distress that acknowledging their true feelings would bring.

In this way, the reaction formation serves as a psychological defense that helps individuals cope with feelings that may conflict with their self-concept or societal expectations. By employing this mechanism, they can function in social environments without the burden of acknowledging their deep-seated feelings of hostility, guilt, or shame.