According to Vygotsky's theory of social development, when does learning occur?

Learning, according to Vygotsky's theory of social development, occurs primarily in the zone of proximal development (ZPD). The ZPD is the range of tasks that a learner can perform with the help of a more knowledgeable other, such as a teacher or peer, but cannot yet accomplish independently. This concept emphasizes the importance of social interaction in the learning process, as it facilitates cognitive development through guided participation.

In this context, learning is viewed as a collaborative process where the learner actively engages with others, gaining insights and skills that they would not be able to acquire on their own. The ZPD highlights the significance of scaffolding—providing support that enables learners to build their understanding and eventually gain independence in their learning tasks. Thus, Vygotsky argued that social interactions are crucial for cognitive growth, making the ZPD the correct answer regarding when learning occurs.