DSST Lifespan Developmental Psychology Practice Exam

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• What characterizes the reflexive stage of development (0-2 months)?
• Which of the following will cause the appearance of aging in the skin to be accelerated?
• During which phase do children exhibit increased use of verbal representation, although their speech is egocentric?
• Which of the following describes a key characteristic of somatic cells?
• How is convergent thinking best described?
• What does a somatic cell represent?
• Who is recognized for creating the scientific method?
• Which parenting style respects individuality but tries to instill social values?
• According to Bowlby's theory, how many strong attachments do infants need to develop normally?
• What is a hallmark characteristic of the sensory motor stage of development?
• An infant startling at a noise is an example of what type of reflex?
• Which structure of the eye is described as a clear membrane that protects the eye?
• What does trust vs mistrust focus on in Erikson's theory?
• As per Erikson's theory, the challenge of finding meaning in one's life is related to which stage?
• What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?
• What does the psychoanalytical approach emphasize?
• What type of research involves observing subjects in their natural environment?
• What is meant by 'stage' in the context of child development?
• How many stages of development did Erik Erikson propose in his theory?
• Which cellular component is involved in sexual reproduction?
• What does 'recall' mean in the context of memory?
• What part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for arousing the body’s responses in stressful situations?
• At what stage does ego development typically begin, according to Erikson's theory?
• At what age does the social smile typically appear in infants?
• What primary variable did Harry Harlow’s experiment explore in terms of infant development?
• How is humanism best described?
• What is the term for growth that occurs from the head downward?
• What does the term 'operation' refer to in developmental psychology?
• What is the primary function of the cerebellum in the human body?
• In terms of psychological processes, how important is the concept of sensation?
• Which of the following best describes the morphemes in the word "unbreakable"?
• During pregnancy, which stage is most directly harmed by teratogens?
• During which stage do children typically engage in activities related to exploration of their own bodies and the differences between genders?
• According to Carol Gilligan, which ethical perspective are women more likely to take?
• What is characterized by a child displaying hand movements and simple words to convey meaning?
• What is it called when a person believes they will fail and therefore does not attempt a task?
• What type of study focuses on a single individual's in-depth examination?
• Which of the following is NOT an effect of syphilis or rubella on a fetus?
• What describes growth from the spine outward?
• What is an example of a behavior during the primary circular reactions stage?
• What is a main characteristic of the latency stage in child development?
• What best describes the intelligence level of individuals with dyslexia?
• Which of the following represents Maslow's third level of needs?
• What does a developmental norm represent?
• What term describes the number of full wavelengths that pass through a point in a given amount of time?
• Which psychological concept relates to failure to try due to past experiences of uncontrollable outcomes?
• Dyslexia is primarily caused by a deficiency in understanding what component of language?
• Which of the following is NOT an example of fluid intelligence?
• What term describes when a child only considers their own needs and not others'?
• What significant contribution did Wilhelm Wundt make to psychology?
• What components are included in the middle ear?
• In the preoperational phase, what aspect of play becomes evident compared to earlier stages?
• What is preconventional morality based on?
• According to Gestalt Psychology, how do people organize their perceptions?
• At what stage do children begin to think logically about concrete events?
• According to Freud, at what age does the genital stage of development occur?
• What term describes the perceptual quality of sound?
• What cognitive development marks the transition from the intuitive phase to the concrete operations phase?
• What is a key characteristic of the "esteem needs" stage in Maslow's hierarchy?
• What condition is Ritalin commonly prescribed to treat?
• What is the earliest sound a child makes to communicate?
• Which stage involves discovering new ways to produce the same consequence?
• What preference did monkeys show in Harlow's attachment experiment?
• What structures are part of the inner ear?
• Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development occurs last?
• Which lobe of the brain is primarily associated with vision?
• Where is the retina located in the eye?
• What is the primary focus of correlational research?
• What type of photoreceptor uses to view color in the eye?
• Rationalization as a psychological defense mechanism is characterized by:
• What are the five stages of dying according to Kübler-Ross?
• Which part of the eye contains rods and cones?
• Which part of the eye is referred to as the sclera?
• In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, self-actualization is:
• At what stage do individuals typically grapple with issues of generativity?
• What does the dialectical perspective focus on?
• What are the stages of Piaget's cognitive development in order?
• Which of the following accurately defines a constant in an experiment?
• What concept describes using rewards to reinforce good behavior?
• What defense mechanism occurs when a person expresses an opposite emotion to what they feel?
• Which of the following is NOT a primary role of clinical psychologists?
• Which brain lobe is associated with processing body sensations?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a hypokinetic disease?
• Which level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy is focused on basic physical requirements?
• The Premack principle always relies on what?
• Which developmental stage allows for the ability to generate multiple hypotheses and incorporate formal logic?
• What is the primary function of the reaction formation defense mechanism?
• According to Erikson's stages of development, what are older individuals chiefly concerned with?
• What part of the ear is located inside the cochlea?
• What is the process of relating new information to something familiar called?
• What defense mechanism occurs when an individual redirects stress into a socially productive activity?
• Which of the following is NOT an element of Vygotsky's theory of social development?
• What was the visual cliff experiment designed to test?
• At what age do most children begin to identify specific best friends?
• Which area of the brain is involved in processing auditory information?
• Qualitative research is best described as?
• Which psychological perspective emphasizes moral development differences between genders?
• What does denial refer to in psychological terms?
• What is the primary developmental challenge faced by adolescents according to Erikson?
• What is the term for the belief that one is the center of the universe?
• What is the role of reinforcement in operant conditioning?
• According to Freud, at what age does the phallic stage occur?
• Which term refers to a sound wave's amplitude?
• When something is measurable in number, it is referred to as?
• What is a key characteristic of the invention of new means through mental combination in early development?
• Which developmental stage starts at age 6 and lasts until the onset of puberty?
• Who is recognized as a cognitive theorist known for his theories on childhood development?
• What are early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?
• What is the primary role of thalamus in sensory processing?
• What is the primary method used in naturalistic observation?
• Generativity vs stagnation is a developmental stage identified by Erikson that occurs during which life phase?
• Which cognitive ability allows children to understand that two sets can represent the same quantity?
• What psychosocial challenge do preschoolers face according to Erikson?
• Who is credited with coining the term 'modeling' in the context of learning?
• Who is notable for being kept in a box during conditioning experiments?
• What characterizes the autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage in toddlers?
• What type of research design often helps identify developmental trends in a population?
• What does the term ethics refer to in psychology?
• What describes the motivation to obey in conventional morality?
• What term describes the soft spots in a baby's skull where bone has yet to form?
• Which of the following is an example of a teratogen?
• What do endocrine glands create and release into the bloodstream?
• Which belief was established by Carol Gilligan in relation to moral development?
• In the intuitive phase of development, what changes occur in a child's speech?
• Which aspect of development is typically evaluated by developmental psychologists?
• What is a zygote?
• What is the largest and most developed part of the human brain?
• What term describes a child's inability to read due to difficulties in processing language sounds?
• What does Kohlberg’s theory of moral development focus on?
• Which term describes the reluctance of children to share toys at the age of four?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a cause of ADHD?
• What method is demonstrated in Bandura's study with baby Albert?
• What does the biological approach suggest about personality?
• Which approach is associated with William James?
• Which type of reasoning is crucial for developing innovative solutions to problems?
• What percentage of children are affected by hyperactivity according to research?
• What does classification refer to in cognitive development?
• What is a prominent feature of the formal operations stage of development?
• An individual with dyslexia is most likely to encounter difficulties with which of the following?
• In which stage of Erikson's development does trust vs mistrust occur?
• What experiment aimed to show that infants possess depth perception?
• The brain is part of which system in the body?
• What developmental milestone occurs when an infant can kick their feet to move a mobile?
• In experimental research, what is the purpose of an independent variable?
• In psychology, what term is used to describe irrelevant stimuli that competes for attention?
• Which stage of development is characterized by the establishment of intimate relationships?
• At what developmental stage might a child believe that their parent's divorce is their fault due to egocentrism?
• What term describes the tendency for children to think about the world exclusively from their own perspective?
• The amount of words spoken in a sentence is linked to which of the following?
• Which defense mechanism involves hiding feelings without acknowledgment?
• Which structure serves as the main relay station for sensory signals in the brain?
• What role does the parasympathetic nervous system play in the body?
• What chromosome patterns would a person with Klinefelter's syndrome have?
• Who is recognized as the father of genetics and inheritance?
• Which of the following is a fluid-filled structure in the inner ear?
• In what stage do infants primarily interact with their environment through senses and motor skills?
• Who is known for conducting a pivotal experiment with monkeys regarding attachment?
• Which of the following is NOT a sign of aging?
• What concept in linguistics relates to the study of semantics?
• Which areas of the brain are primarily affected by Alzheimer's disease?
• What is the term for the first three weeks of prenatal growth?
• What is it called when a stimulus from one context carries over to another in conditioning?
• What is the term for the process of taking in information from the environment?
• What is the principle of conservation in cognitive development?
• In the context of Erikson's stages, what challenge is faced by young adults?
• What aspects are typically measured to assess temperament in infants?
• What area of psychology does the cognitive approach focus on?
• What does the "ego" serve to balance in Freud's theory?
• What key concept does Erikson's theory primarily focus on?
• Which researcher is famous for the "Bobo doll" experiment that illustrates modeling?
• What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
• What defines tertiary circular reactions (12-18 months)?
• Fear of the dark is most common for children of about what age?
• Which stage is associated with the development of initiative in children?
• What component of the subconscious is described as the ethical and "super good" part?
• What is the main role of the brain stem?
• What signifies a secure attachment in children?
• Approximately what percentage of children under two are cared for solely by a parent?
• Which part of the eye is responsible for protecting the inner structures?
• What does a high mean length of utterance suggest about a child's language development?
• What is measured in decibels and relates to the pressure produced by a sound wave?
• By what age will both fontanels have hardened into bone?
• Which psychological theory emphasizes conflict at different stages of life development?
• Displacement involves what kind of emotional response?
• In psychological terms, what does the id primarily seek?
• What behavior suggests that an infant is showing habituation?
• Reaction formation involves:
• Which of the following best describes a clinical psychologist?
• Sublimation is best defined as:
• Initiative vs. guilt is a developmental stage according to Erikson that typically occurs in which age group?
• Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for controlling breathing and heart rate?
• What behavior might indicate a child is developing normally in early stages?
• Which cognitive development theory emphasizes the role of hands-on experiences?
• What aspect of human experience does the cognitive approach primarily address?
• In which stage of moral development do individuals begin to view laws as flexible guidelines?
• What defines the process of cloning?
• What term describes the need for love and belonging in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
• During which developmental stage does Erikson's identity vs. role confusion occur?
• What does the term 'quantitative' refer to in research?
• What is a crucial aspect of the trust vs. mistrust stage in infant development?
• What does the autonomic nervous system control?
• What role does a psychiatrist fulfill in relation to a clinical psychologist?
• What does the coordination of secondary reactions (8-12 months) entail?
• What is meant by the term absolute threshold?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of egocentrism in children?
• What is telegraphic speech?
• Who is the psychoanalyst known for his stages of psychosocial development?
• In convergent thinking, the approach to problem-solving is typically characterized by?
• What is the primary concern for individuals in the stage of ego integrity versus despair?
• Which type of thinking is characterized as 'follower thinking'?
• What term describes a situation where ignoring a behavior leads to a decrease in that behavior over time?
• Which defense mechanism involves refusing to accept reality or facts?
• What are the two large halves of the brain referred to as?
• What does elaboration refer to in cognitive processes?
• In early childhood development, what is the typical age range for children to engage in parallel play?
• Which part of the brain processes information about body position and movement?
• Which cognitive process involves changing one’s framework to incorporate new information?
• Which perspective posits that all people are inherently good?
• What is the function of the iris in the human eye?
• Which of the following is not considered a basic need in Maslow's hierarchy?
• What term describes a person's typical mode of response to various situations in life?
• In Erikson's theory, what is the main conflict during the toddler stage?
• Longitudinal studies are characterized by what main aspect?
• What is a key characteristic of the humanistic approach?
• Projection as a defense mechanism is best described as:
• What is the central debate in the nature vs. nurture discussion?
• During what stage does a child begin to show intentional actions?
• How is the concrete operational stage of cognitive development best described?
• Which theory suggests that behavior can be learned through the observation of others?
• Which theorists are concerned with the effects of various types of conditioning?
• Which defense mechanism occurs when someone redirects their feelings, positive or negative, towards someone else?
• What term refers to the ability to group objects together based on common features?
• In Maslow's hierarchy, which level pertains to safety needs?
• In developmental psychology, who is associated with the concept of functionalism?
• Which structure is NOT part of the central nervous system?
• According to Erikson, what is the most important aspect to develop in early childhood?
• What is the formula for calculating IQ?
• What is the term for when a baby imitates words or sounds it has heard?
• What does cross-modal perception refer to?
• At approximately what age do children begin communicating through telegraphic speech?
• In the context of parenting, what is the result of egocentric behavior in children?
• At what age do children typically transition from parallel play to associative play?
• Who has the authority to prescribe medication in the field of mental health?
• What is the fetal period known as in human development?
• Redirecting emotions into productive activities reflects which concept?
• A higher APGAR score indicates what for a newborn?
• What behavioral technique involves ignoring a child's temper tantrum to reduce its occurrence?
• Esteem needs are represented in Maslow's hierarchy as:
• At what age does the reflexive stage in child development typically occur?
• Which part of the ear includes the pinna and external auditory canal?
• What psychosocial stage is characterized by the conflict between generativity and stagnation?
• What are gametes?
• Who is credited with developing the concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence?
• Which term refers to a set of perceptions, ideas, or actions that go together?
• The primary focus of qualitative data analysis is to assess what aspect?
• What phenomenon occurs when a participant experiences effects from a drug they haven't actually taken?
• What is the main motivation in postconventional morality?
• Which lobe of the brain is most associated with reasoning and problem-solving?
• What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?
• What is true about convergent thinking?
• Which of the following correctly orders Kohlberg's three levels of moral development?
• Which of the following best describes hypokinetic diseases?
• Which form of conditioning involves associating a response with a negative condition?
• In which stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is a person primarily concerned with avoiding punishment?
• What is described by primary circular reactions (2-4 months)?
• Which system is most vulnerable during the early stages following conception?
• What occurs during secondary circular reactions (4-8 months)?
• How is the behavioral approach primarily defined?
• What research method involves observing subjects without interference?
• At what age does the anal stage of development occur?
• Which of the following is an effect of teratogens during pregnancy?
• What is NOT a factor of psychosocial health?
• What is suppression as a defense mechanism?
• The process of creating excuses to justify behaviors is known as:
• Which term refers to the reinforcement of behavior that results in a favorable outcome?
• Turned feelings into the exact opposite is an example of which concept?
• Which stage of life is associated with the conflict of ego integrity vs despair?
• What is the process of cloning primarily associated with?
• Which part of the nervous system is known as the calming part?
• What is structuralism concerned with?
• What type of thinking is emphasized in creative problem solving?
• To assist the eye in focusing, what process allows the lens to change its curvature?
• What is the term for the adjustment made to one's mind or concepts by the process of assimilation?
• Which concept involves understanding that some classes or sets of objects are also subsets of a larger class?
• Aggression in four and five-year-olds is usually related to what?
• According to John Bowlby's attachment theory, how do children feel if they sense their caregiver is attentive?
• What type of research method did Dr. Smith use to study the brother and sister?
• The focus on contradictions in life is associated with which perspective?
• What characteristic is typical of men and women with androgynous personalities?
• The early stages of Alzheimer's disease are often confused with which other disorder?
• What stage of life is primarily concerned with generativity according to Erikson?
• Which condition characterized by inattention and hyperactivity is diagnosed in children?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
• What development stage occurs from conception until the fetus is fully developed?
• Hypokinetic diseases primarily arise from what type of lifestyle factor?
• Which study would focus on participants from various age groups to draw conclusions?
• What is the name of the insulating sheath that helps transmit neural impulses?
• What does divergent thinking primarily involve?
• Which brain structure is responsible for the storage of memories?
• Which of the following correctly identifies the final stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory?
• Which part of the brain is included in the endocrine system?
• What term describes the moral reasoning based on societal rules and expectations?
• Which component of personality is responsible for ethical standards?
• Which of the following describes how one variable changes in correlation to another?
• According to Erikson's theory of stages of development, which group of people are generally concerned with generativity vs self-absorption?
• What are the stages of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
• What function do rods serve in the eye?
• In which psychological stage does egocentrism most significantly affect a child's reasoning?
• Which outcome is a potential impact of syphilis on a developing fetus?
• What is the primary function of the limbic system in the brain?
• What does the vestibular sense primarily help with?
• What are the elements of the dialectical perspective?
• At what age do children typically begin to babble?
• At what age does language development begin in infants?
• According to Vygotsky's theory of social development, when does learning occur?
• Which level is identified as the fourth stage in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
• What is Maslow's first level of needs?
• What type of learning is closely associated with Bandura's theories?
• What is a 'schema' according to developmental psychology?
• According to Freud, at what age does the oral stage of development occur?
• In which age group is parallel play most commonly observed?
• By what age do children typically develop a social smile?
• What is the function of the hypothalamus?
• What describes the belief that one is the center of the universe in early cognitive development?
• Which of the following is the second stage of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
• What is the term for a statistical measure of typical scores for categories of information?
• The 'punishment of obedience' phase is associated with which level of moral development?
• A child who perceives the world only from their own point of view is described as what?
• Which defense mechanism involves turning a feeling into its opposite?
• What is regression in the context of psychological defense mechanisms?
• What is the role of the pupil in the eye?
• How is an infant likely to interact with an object they prefer compared to one they do not?
• What is the term for a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure?
• What effect does the cornea have on the image that enters the eye?
• During which developmental stage do children experience the conflict of industry vs. inferiority?
• Which term describes the ability to identify something encountered before?
• Who created the first standardized IQ test?
• During which stage of development does the child typically experience role confusion, according to Erikson?
• In infancy, which psychological concept is evident when a child knows an object still exists when it is out of sight?
• Which concept describes when responses to certain stimuli become associated with new stimuli?
• What distinguishes parallel play in toddlers?
• What cognitive ability does cross-modal perception involve?
• Which of Erikson’s stages encompasses the challenge of finding personal relationships?
• In Erikson's theory, at what stage would an individual face the initiative vs. guilt conflict?
• Who is considered the Father of genetics?
• Which psychological perspective views people primarily as products of their environment?
• What cognitive abilities are evident during the period of concrete operations?
• When a young child feels frustrated or angry, they will most likely:
• What type of theories are based on the idea that our actions are deeply influenced by our unconscious?
• What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
• Which personality trait is NOT typically associated with divergent thinking?
• A score of 7 on the APGAR scale would indicate what about a baby?
• What does the Premack principle utilize to encourage engagement in less desired tasks?
• What is the focus of research on children raised in a kibbutz?
• Who is considered a prominent humanist in psychology?
• What is the focus of development during the stage of industry vs. inferiority?
• What does the frontal lobe primarily control?
• What describes cross-sectional studies?
• What does the acronym ADHD stand for?
• What does a dependent variable represent in an experiment?
• Which type of variable remains constant throughout an experiment?
• What does FAS stand for?
• What does functionalism focus on?
• In experimental research, what is the independent variable?
• According to Freud's personality theory, which component is present at birth?
• What is the typical age range for the oral stage of development?
• Which best describes divergent thinking?
• What is the primary characteristic of the lens in the eye?
• Ethics in psychology primarily concerns which of the following?
• Which type of thinking relies most on creativity?
• What does stimulus generalization refer to in behavioral conditioning?
• What is the term for providing a negative sanction to reduce undesired behavior?
• Which term describes feelings redirected towards someone or something else?
• Which stage of moral development focuses on societal rules and laws?
• Which part of the subconscious acts as a mediator between the id and the ego?
• What does extinction refer to in behavioral psychology?
• During which stage of pregnancy are syphilis and rubella considered the most dangerous?
• Which ethical perspective emphasizes relationships and responsibilities according to Carol Gilligan?
• Which defense mechanism occurs when someone hides their feelings and does not acknowledge them?
• Which statement about reinforcers is NOT true?
• What does the term "cerebrum" refer to in the context of brain anatomy?
• Which developmental stage is characterized by the challenge of trust vs. mistrust?
• What does the concept of object permanence refer to?
• What signifies the start of adolescence in terms of developmental stages?
• A parent who makes few demands on a child typically shows which parenting style?
• What is the term for the mental process of arriving at a single correct answer?
• Organized, logical thought is characteristic of which of Piaget's stages of development?
• What experiment provides evidence of depth perception in infants?
• Which philosopher believed that children were born a "blank slate"?
• What does depth perception enable individuals to do?
• What is the term for the process of being able to identify something encountered before?
• Which concept is NOT a part of Freud's structural model of the mind?
• What is the practice of providing explicit role instructions in play activities known for reinforcing gender stereotypes?