Initiative vs. guilt is a developmental stage according to Erikson that typically occurs in which age group?

The stage of initiative vs. guilt is a crucial part of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory, occurring typically during the preschool years, around ages three to six. During this stage, children are developing a sense of initiative as they explore their environment, engage in play, and take on new responsibilities. They are beginning to assert control over their world, which fosters a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate activities.

If children are encouraged and supported in their efforts to explore and take initiative, they develop a sense of confidence and leadership. Alternatively, if their efforts are met with criticism or punishment, they may feel guilt about their attempts to be independent and may suppress their initiative. This stage is essential for the emotional foundation that children will carry into later phases of development. Thus, the preschool years are where this developmental conflict prominently takes place.