What describes growth from the spine outward?

The correct answer describes the pattern of physical development that occurs from the center of the body outward, a concept known as proximodistal development. In this pattern, growth and motor skills emerge from the central axis of the body, such as the spine, and extend outward to the limbs and extremities. This means that infants gain control over their core muscles and then progressively refine their ability to control movements in their arms, hands, and fingers.

Proximodistal development is observed in early childhood when children initially develop large muscle movements such as rolling over and crawling before achieving finer motor skills like grasping small objects or using utensils. This developmental trajectory underscores the importance of core stability and strength as the foundation for further skill acquisition in the smaller muscle groups.

The other options represent different developmental patterns. Cephalocaudal development refers to growth from head to toe. Hierarchical development involves skills building on simpler skills. Multidimensional growth encompasses various aspects of development that happen simultaneously, such as cognitive, emotional, and physical growth. Understanding these developmental pathways can help in appreciating how children develop their physical abilities in a coordinated manner.