Which of the following is not considered a basic need in Maslow's hierarchy?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the model is structured as a pyramid, with basic needs at the bottom that must be fulfilled before individuals can pursue higher-level needs. Basic needs include physiological needs, safety, belongingness (social needs), and esteem.

Safety pertains to physical security and protection from harm, belongingness relates to social relationships and the need for interpersonal connections, and self-actualization represents the fulfillment of personal potential and growth. These are ranked in order of priority, suggesting that one must satisfy lower-level needs before moving on to higher-level needs.

The option referring to approval does not appear as a standalone category in Maslow’s hierarchy. While approval can be related to esteem and social acceptance, it is not explicitly defined as a basic need. Instead, it falls under the broader categories of esteem needs or social relations that may arise only after fundamental needs such as physiological needs, safety, and belongingness have been addressed.

Thus, approval is not classified as a basic need within Maslow's framework, making it the correct choice. Understanding the structured levels of needs is vital in grasping how individuals are motivated to strive for higher-level psychological fulfillment only after their essential needs are met.